The yard castle in Vienna is the former imperial residence. From 1438 to 1583 and from 1612 to 1806 it was following the residence of the kings and emperor of the holy Roman realm of German nation, the residence of the emperors from Austria to 1918. Today it is the seat of the Austrian Federal President.

The oldest parts originate from that 13. Century and were probably put on by the last Babenbergern or by Ottokar Premysl. The castle of the Austrian national gentlemen was before with the place at the yard, in the proximity of the Scot pin.

This oldest castle in form of a square corresponds for instance to the today's Swiss yard. There is also the gothical (in 15. Century converted) castle chapel and the vault (a branch of the art-historical museum), in which among other things the Herrschaftsinsignien of the holy Roman realm (Reichskleinodien) and the Kaisertums Austria is kept. Also the yard band has there its seat carrier this Swiss yard at present emperors Ferdinands I. in the Renaissance style was converted. Admit be the the black gate, on which the the title emperor Ferdinands I. enumerate and the the Insignien the of the medal illustrate be. Underneath this Traktes for a long time the yard kitchen was accommodated.

Not connected with it, but belonging to the complex of the yard castle is the stable castle, which was originally built as residence for Maximilian II. as Crown Prince. It means, Ferdinand I. did not want to live with its son bending to the protest anti-mash under a roof. Later it accommodated the art collection of ore duke Leopold William, who art-intimate brother emperor Ferdinands III., who forms a substantial part of the collections of the art-historical museum. Later it was then one of the stables for the imperial horses (therefore it the name) and today is still there accommodated the Spanish yard riding school.

Opposite the Swiss gate the Amalienburg, designated after Amalie Wilhelmine, is which widow emperor Josephs I., who was built however for more as one hundred years before than Viennese residence emperor Rudolfs II. in the late Renaissance style. The with welscher hood and the astronomical clock on the front are remarkable.

The connection of the Amalienburg with the Swiss yard is the Leopoldini Trakt, as already says the name among emperors Leopold to Ith into the 1660er years delighted. The architect was Filiberto Lucchese, after the Turk FE storage of 1683 the Trakt by Giovanni Pietro Tencala was again developed and around a floor supplemented. From architecture this Trakt still attaches to the late Renaissance. Here are the offices of the Federal President. Below this Traktes and the Amalienburg was also the enormous wine cellar of the castle.

At the beginning of on the other side the castle (with the today's Josephsplatz) the yard library, which was created by emperor Karl VI., was free standing and who contained today the splendor hall of the Austrian national library. Was begun their building of Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, whom to 1735 of its son placed Joseph Emanuel completely. In this splendid hall the book collection of the prince Eugen is, a Deckenfresko of Daniel Gran and emperor fixed images of Paul Strudel. This part is the artistically most meaning of the yard castle.

Other Koproduktionen between father and son Fischer von Erlach is the winter riding school opposite the stable castle - where 1848 the first Austrian parliament met - and to the Reichskanzleitrakt opposite the Leopoldini Trakt. This was planned originally by Johann Lucas of Hildebrandt and accommodated the offices of the realm vice-chancellor, the actual "“prime minister"” of the holy Roman realm (the position of the realm ore chancellor, when its representative of the realm vice-chancellors applied, had already since the Middle Ages the archbishop of Mainz), as well as the realm yard advice. In this Trakt were after the end of the realm the apartments of the duke of realm city and last of emperor Franz Joseph I.

By Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach also the Michaelertrakt, the connection between winter riding school and Reichskanzleitrakt one planned. There however the old castle theatre in the way stood remained this plan for a long time unfinished and only for 1889-93 form changed easily by Ferdinand Kirschner in was actually built.

In further consequence it came again and again to changes and adjustments, particularly 1763-69 under Nikolaus of Pacassi, which connected the yard library with the remaining castle and on the other side with the Augustinerkirche and created so the Josephsplatz, to which as one of the most beautiful places of Vienna is considered. After the change of the Albertina into the 1820er years of Joseph also it attaches from the other side to the yard castle.

1809 a part of the old bastions blown up with the castle geschleift in follow the war and afterwards. To the today's struggle race at that time new Vorwerke (the Hornwerkskurtine in such a way specified and the Escarpen) was integrated put on into those the klassizistische Burgtor. Within these 1817 newly established barrier walls were put on three gardens: the private imperial castle garden, the hero place as Rasenplatz with avenues and the people garden with the Theseustempel, which comes just like the Burgtor from Peter von Nobile. A further cultivation from this time (already 1804) is the ceremony hall of Louis Montoyer, which stood out from the castle. It was felt soon as disturbing and called nose - today it is integrated in the new castle.

In the course of the urban extension after sharpening the Stadtmauern into the 1860er years came it to the last large extension of the castle. Planned an emperor forum, a douple swing plant over the struggle race away, was with the twin museums (art-historical and nature-historical museum) as flanks and the old yard valley lungs Fischer von Erlachs as conclusion. Gottfried Semper and late Karl baron von Hasenauer held the construction supervision of this project. The museums were placed 1891 finished, the remainder of the forum moved along themselves however tormenting slowly, since there was no genuine need except representation. 1913 were finished the southeast wing, the new castle to a large extent, the emperor forum was however finally put ad acta. So the hero place and the Maria Theresien place nevertheless developed. In the new castle are some museums (Ephesos museum, yard hunt and preparation chamber, people customer museum) as well as the read halls of the Austrian national library and the internationally meaning conference center. On the hero place the rider statues of the two most important Austrian field gentlemen, prince Eugen von Savoyen and Erzherzog Karl stand. By the balcony of the new castle to the hero place 1938 the connection was produced to the German Reich.

At sculptures still the rider statue emperor Josephs IITH by Franz Anton Zauner on the Josephsplatz as well as the statue Franz' Ith on the internal Burghof of Pompeo Marchesi are to be called. After the completion of the Michaelerplatzes at the front two wells with sculptures were attached: The power to sea of Rudolf Weyr and power to country of Edmund Hellmer.

At the night from 26 November on 27 November 1992 a major fire within the range of the at the Josephsplatz developed in the yard castle. A part of the roof as well as the upper floor burned completely down. The renovation could be already locked 1997. In the again developed part are now winding and cover paintings of Josef Mikl.

Related links

• Research project "“the Viennese yard castle"” (Austrian Academy of Sciences)
• Yard castle Vienna (vienna tourism)
• History of the Viennese yard castle (Austrian
• Virtual Rundgang by the Viennese yard castle (Austrian
• Yard castle congress center &

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