Pfalzgrafenschloss new market / Lock in Bavaria

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Page modified: Saturday, June 24, 2006 10:40:04

The Pfalzgrafenschloss new market, also Neumarkter residence, forms the center of the lock quarter in the Neumarkter old part of town in new market in the Upper Palatinate (together with the yard church and the riding barn) and accommodates today the district court new market. In its current form it became of Pfalzgraf Friedrich IITH in the center 16. Century establishes.

History

One assumes in place of the today's residence at least 3 buildings of predecessors stood, which however all were destroyed.

First and second lock

Over the first two buildings here is not too much well-known. Probably around 1200 - 1250 developed a first lock that as office and residential building served the Schult hoisting at that time of new market. After the destruction by a fire during the Pogroms against Neumarkter Jew on 12 July 1298 soon thereafter a building of successors was established. Interestingly enough disputed, whether Neumarkter citizens were, those is the lock in fire put (because the Jews had fled there) or the Jews themselves (from revenge against the lock gentlemen, to which them assistance refused). Both theories are considered as equally probable. Both locks were not reliably from the extent, to which one finds the residence today. They were probably transferred at the place of the today's east wing, more near direction yard church. While the construction work for the underground parking at the residence place 1978 several columns became discovered, which exhibited fire-pure and from one of the two first locks come. They can be visited today in the park at the residence and/or at the residence place.

The lock as residence

1410 die Ruprecht IIITH on castle Landskron and its possessions under its inheriting are divided. Johann of Pfalz Neumarkt receives the "upper Pfalz" and shifts its seat of the government after new market and begins immediately with the development to the Residenzstadt. It lets a new lock establish that in form and layer the today's building already more near approximates. For better defense the city ditch behind the lock is extended and an additional barrier plant in the today's city park is established. Built in the gothical style, report different sources of the residence as one of the most beautiful locks in Germany.

The lock quarter develops

The Marienkapelle present opposite the lock is developed under Johann around 1418 to the castle church and/or yard church. Originally with 2 towers planned, however only the today's southwest tower comes to the execution. As arsenal and material store the riding barn is established.

The lock becomes the observatory

After Johanns death becomes its son Christoph Pfalzgraf in new market, however already is since 1437 king of Denmark, Sweden and Norway, so that in new market in his place a governor resides. When Christoph 1448 does not leave inheriting, new market falls at Johanns brother, Otto I. of new market MOS brook, which likewise shifts soon its seat of the government after new market. Its son Otto II. of new market, which carries the surname Otto Mathematicus because of its enthusiasm for astronomy and mathematics, follows it. 1490 he withdraws from his tasks of office and dedicates themselves only to its research. It lets a new, approx. 30 meters high tower, in whose point it furnishes its observatory build at the east wing, close of the yard church: the so-called mathematician tower. There he spends a majority of his time with astronomical observations up to its death 1499.

Major fire and new building

1520 break out a major fire in the lock quarter, which the lock and the riding barn falls to the victim. Both are again established however under Friedrich II. and his building master Erhard realm until 1539. The riding barn only 1945 victims of the flames, that lock remained until today. Now in the style of the Renaissance as surge tank established, the lock has an extensive park plant, gardens and jumping wells and completely by a water ditch is surrounded. The Neptun well is located this very day in the inner court of the residence. For celebrations and meetings stood in the 1. Stick of the west wing a splendid festival room for the order, which by means of an outside staircase from the inner court could be achieved. The whole lock was enclosed by a water ditch, which could be crossed over 2 direction residence place and direction city park.

After the Pfalzgrafen

When Friedrich II. shifts its seat of the government 1543 after Amberg, new market at meaning loses. The lock is only inhabited by relatives of the prince. After Friedrichs death 1556 lives here its widow Dorothea. Starting from approx. 1560 the residence becomes again seat of the Neumarkter Schult hoisting. Pfalzgrafen and princes are only occasionally in new market. Example in the summer 1619 by a presence of the "winter king" Friedrichs V. is reported: In the mathematician tower one of the foundation-stones for the fact is put that he can take over the crown a little later. 1695 exhibits parts of the lock, above all the mathematician tower substantial lack of building and is afterwards torn off.

18. Century until today

Starting from 1795 a part of the lock experiences again a new use: A Tabakfabrik settles in the residence and exists to in 19. Century. 1805 are spoken in the halls and the premises right, the Neumarkter regional court for the first time draw in. 1862 follows the royally Bavarian district court new market and the district administration office of the circle new market (until 1961). In the east wing is a prison, which exists into the 1930er years. During this time 2 of the building as well as the gate tower at the entrance of the lock yard are broken off. Although in the last war days 1945 the Neumarkter old part of town is heavily destroyed, the residence remains spared. A complete reorganization follows, starting from 1990 the remaining parts of the east wing is again developed.

Today's condition and use

District court and festival room of the residence

Main building and the west wing accommodate today the district court new market as well as the land register office of the city new market. Until 1997 were in the former festival rooms a branch of the Bavarian national museum, where among other things baroque crib art could be visited. Today the festival rooms are used as meeting area, particularly in the context of the meeting row small art in the residence. The cellars of the residence are used today as archives of the district court, in a part of the cellars in the west wing were catering trade enterprises (restaurant residence cellar, music cellar). These premises stand at present however empty. In the summer months the inner court transforms into a if the Neumarkter of lock plays arises.

Mechanism and art treasures

Over the centuries a majority of the inventory of the residence was lost, further parts in Bavarian public records into Munich stored" and turned out there into oblivion. In the Pfalzgrafenschloss kept until today

a fire-place also of the sculptor Loy herring in accordance with-ice-rarely Marmorintarsien of Friedich II.und of lion coat of arms stones held
wood-carved coffered ceilings in the today's meeting rooms and in the director room (unknown artists)
two coat of arms stones, above all the large coat of arms stone with the chain of the golden fleece
the Neptun well in the lock yard
the two stone lions with Wappenschilden at the entrance
a painting, which shows Friedrich II.

Inspections

In order not to disturb the office enterprise of the court, inspections of the residence are generally not possible. For the day of the open monument and during the old part of town celebration in June however guidance are offered. The inner court can be visited at any time, equally the entire external facade of the city park and from the residence place is freely accessible.

Situation and start

The Pfalzgrafenschloss is directly in the old part of town because of the residence place, where also the underground parking of the same name is. With public means of transport: Bus '' 564/565 '' (stop monastery gate) or bus 561-563 and 570.573 (stop city hall).

In addition"

After a legend a secret course from the residence to the castle ruin wolf stone is to lead. Its entrance is assumed either within the range of the Schlossweihers or but directly in the cellar of the lock. When new market in the Landshuter succession war was besieged 1504 of troops, are contactors on the castle from here with food and ammunition to have been supplied"