The lock new swan stone is a lock in the in the area of the municipality swan gau with feet, which let Ludwig II. of Bavaria build. It is that most famous of its locks and one of the most well-known tourist goals in Germany. Architecture and interior equipment drive romantic historicism and Eklektizismus 19. Century on the point. It is called therefore of the tourism enterprises also "„fairy tale lock "“. In direct proximity also the lock high swan gau lies.

History

Originally the castles front and Hinterhohenschwangau in the place of the today's lock, which were present during lifetimes king of Ludwig only as ruins, were. These ruins were completely removed before the Grundsteinlegung to new swan stone. In the place of the today's lock high swan gau a castle was named swan stone, the names became at the beginning 19. Century exchanges.

"„In the genuine Styl of the German Ritterburgen "“king Ludwig II. wanted to have composed the castle ruin front high swan gau again, as of a letter at Richard Wagner of 15. May 1868 comes out.

To this building of castles Ludwig became lively of IITH by early plans his father, completely particularly however probably by his journey after 1867 iron oh, where he visited the waiting castle with its brother Otto I., king of Bavaria. With the knight bath and the singer hall the models on the waiting castle served as draft collecting mains. Ludwig II. did not however only leave itself from the German Middle Ages, but also of the maurischen world of Spain as well as of the legend world Richard of Wagners it insprieren for which Eduart Riedel and Christian Jank supplied the drafts to him with.

The Grundsteinlegung took place on 5 September 1869; in the year 1880 was arranging celebration for the palace, which could be referred 1884. In the years 1869-1873 the building of gates was finished placed and furnished completely. An final dwelling was furnished for the king in the second upper floor. Comfortable areas in the first floor provided for sufficient comfort of the entire construction supervision.

With the death of Ludwig in the year 1886 the lock was not yet by any means posed. He lived after to date construction period straight 172 days in the lock. Only a third of the planned areas was at this time posed. Ludwig II wanted it this lock accessible for the public to make never, wanted rather destroyed to know, when from the common people entzaubert. But already six weeks after its death the lock for visitors was opened, and today new swan stone up to 5.000 visitors counts on the day in the high season (June until August). In order to ensure a smooth inspection process, some areas were still finished placed - in such a way the mosaic floor in the throne hall was only completed after the death of the king.

First the visitors were allowed to move freely in the lock, which had as a consequence that that wore itself out, furniture made specially by the yard carpenter's workshop very fast - everyone wanted to sit on the chairs of the king. This circumstance explains the condition of the mechanism although the king therein only briefly used has. In order to avoid further wear, it is today only in the context (for instance of a guidance possible to visit the lock. Besides there are still topic guidance so mentioned, which are concerned for example with the legend worlds of the respective pictures.

The visited areas during the guidance are:

The servant shank areas. The servant shank areas are quite meagerly furnished with furniture from solid oak. Beside a table and a cabinet there is still another one 1.80 m long bed. The areas were distinguished with windows from obscure glass from the course, which led from the outside staircase to the main stairs, so that the king ungesehen in and go out could. The servants was also not permitted it to use the main stairs it had the substantially narrower and steeper servant shank stairs to use.

The lock was equipped with technical Raffinessen, which corresponded to the conditions at that time of the recent time. Thus it had among other things a thought out heating and a battery-operated chime for the servant shank. Very remarkably is also the kitchen equipment, which covered for example a Rumfordherd, which set the Spiess by self-warmth in motion and thus could adapt its revolutions of the heat. Also its own warm water preparation was already inserted, for times at that time a new fact.

The lock was established in conventional brick building method and disguised later then with other kinds of rock. The sandstone right parallelepipeds for the portals and oriels originate from in For the windows, which became columns and Kapitelle Untersberger marble, from which area of Salzburg uses. In order to facilitate the transport of the enormous quantity of building materials, a stand was established and a steam crane was set up, which up-pulled the material to the building site. A further crane provided for easement on the building site.

At that time the again created steam boiler revision association, the later technical control board examined regularly these two boilers for their security.

Very modern was at that time also a social mechanism, which was country-wide probably unique at this time. On 3 April 1870 "„the association of the craftsmen at the royal building of locks was created to high swan gau "“. The purpose of the association was strengthened, with small monthly contributions by substantial subsidies of the king to guarantee for or hurt building workers gotten sick a continuation of wage payment. The building firm vouched, similarly a today's social security or contributions to the professional association, for the salary over 15 weeks (thus scarcely 4 months) against an amount of 0,70 Marks. For the descendants those, which had an accident with the building deadly, there was even a pension - although small, but for times at that time not usually.

Statistics report among other things of 39 families, to which this pension was awarded, which for buildings at that time and their conditions of work remarkably few are. Because the large-scale building site nourished a whole region for approximately two decades: Daily worked at least 200 stone-cutters, bricklayer, official and worker on the building site - unconsidered all the suppliers or owner of shop. And at times, when the king demanded particularly close dates and urgent changes, it is to have been even up to 300 workers per day, who did their service also at the night with the light of oil lamps. Statistics from the two years 1879/1880 occupy an immense quantity of building materials: 465 tons of Salzburger marble, 1,550 tons sandstone, 400,000 clay bricks and 2,050 cubic meters wood for the scaffold.

After death king of Ludwig II. the square tower and the knight house were simplified finished placed and the Kemenate, to which only the foundation was put, was established. No more was not implemented the principal item of the plant, the donjon with the castle chapel, how Christian Jank in its draft of 1871 represented him.

At the end of the Second World War on the lock gold treasures of the German realm Reich were stored. In the last war days they were kidnapped however at one to today unknown place. According to rumors they were sunk into a lake, possibly in the obvious Alatsee. This could not be proven however until today.

Since February 1998 was administered new swan stone by William Zuschke. Zuschke, which oscillated for the 1970er years as a diplomat between Germany and Indonesia, gave in the meantime its activity up as a manager, in order to participate again in Indonesia in a project of the there child welfare organization.

The in the municipality swan gau with feet is directly visible behind and directly a bridge over the by the lock new swan stone.

1845 had had put on king Maximilian II. by Bavaria over the a wooden rider bar, which had to be renewed however few years later again.

In the year 1866 king Ludwig II. let this bar of the Gustavsburger workshops of the mechanical engineering company Nuremberg, Cramer Klett & Co (today MAN AG) replace, by filigrane an iron construction after a draft of the royal upper's building advice Heinrich Gerber.

With the building of the for the first time at the time at that time a completely new construction way was successfully tested: In ninety meters height over the the carriers were set up by Vorbauen the individual carrier subject of on both sides in rock fastened anchorages out, without further supporting armament.

In the year 1984 the bridge was restored, whereby the carriers had to be renewed. The railings are received until today in the original.

Further Ludwig locks

• Lock Linderhof
• Lock Herrenchiemsee
• King house at the Schachen

Literature

• Jean Louis Schlim. Ludwig IITH dream and technology. Buchendorfer publishing house. ISBN 3-934036-52-X

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