General information

Holidays large-scale projects are routistic projects, which are characterised in relation to other routistic mechanisms, as for example vacation homes, by a large bed number from at least 200 to 500 beds. Besides newer holidays large-scale projects have an integrated offer of leisure and purchase possibilities. Most well-known representatives of these objects are the holidays parks of the company Center Parcs.

Types of holidays large-scale projects

• Holiday villages, which consist to a majority of single or Doppelbungalows and have no considerable leisure facilities.
• Apartment plants also full-equipped housing units in larger solidiums, which have only very small leisure facilities.
• Holidays park, consisting of a hotel, an apartment and a Bungalowteil or of groups of holiday houses with 3-12 dwellings. These parks have at least over a business and a restaurant, as well as a larger offer at leisure and maintenance mechanisms.
• Holidays parks of the second generation, which correspond to the older holidays parks regarding the accommodation, however over clearly more beds (at least 1800 beds) and a richer leisure and maintenance offer order. In the center they possess usually a subtropical Badeparadies and a Shopping Mall.

Development developments of Germany

With the development of holidays large-scale projects in Germany four phases can be differentiated.

• Forerunner stage until 1968: Apart from a holiday home of the LV organization Kraft by joy, which was never finished placed, planned on the establishment of holidays large-scale projects in Germany began only into the 1950er years. The established projects are to be added to the type of holiday villages. The bed numbers of these projects were not usually below 400 beds and them possessed considerable leisure facilities.
• Boom phase of 1969-1973: Altogether 32 large-scale projects with clearly higher bed capacities were realized. Beside isolated holiday villages and large hotels in this phase above all apartment plants and holidays parks of the first generation in highrise building construction way were established. They concentrate usually on the former zone peripheral area (Baltic Sea coast and resin). Examples of holidays large-scale projects established in the boom phase are Damp2000 and holy port.
• Subsequent stage 1974-1989: In consequence of the negative effects (over-capacities and landscape damages), which by the large-scale projects realized in the boom phase had been caused, became in this phase clearly less (36 projects in 16 years) and establishes smaller (only one fifth of the projects has over 1000 beds) projects - usually holiday villages -. Emphasis of the establishment lies in the regions the Eifel and North Hesse.
• Renewal phase of the 1990er: In this for the time being last phase a trend becomes apparent to again clearly larger holidays projects with far over 1000 beds. The developing large-scale projects are to be added mostly to the "“holidays parks of the second generation"”.

Literature

• Becker, C.: New tendencies with the establishment of routistic large-scale projects in Germany. In: Geographical ones round-look. Number 2 (2000). P. 28-33.
• Draheim, A.: Holiday centers as traffic-friendly, pollution free and socialcompatible solution. 2002.
• P. and weber, A.: Planeri handling leisure large-scale projects. Components to the conflict management by the example "“centers of a Parcs"” - project. 1998. (=Dortmunder contributions for space planning, Bd. 86).

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