The gothical high lock of the bishops of Augsburg lies on a hill over the old part of town of feet in Bavarian swabia. The large castle lock is considered as one of the best received medieval castle plants Bayerns.

History

On the lock mountain the castellet Foetibus developed as seat of a supply unit of the IIITH Itali Legion in the late Roman Kaiser era. Already around 47 n.Chr one of the rest stations of the via Claudia on the today's city area might have been. Augsburger bishops already created in 8. Century the monastery pc. Mang. The ruins of the Roman castellet could serve at that time surely still as welcome quarry. 1183 gave Augsburger the Gaisberg (Altwik) to the monastery, which should carry the castle later. However the monastery had to commit itself at that time to never establish a lay building on the hill or to sell the mountain to a lay gentleman.

The Vogtei over high pin Augsburg became after the death of the last Staufers Konradin the matter in dispute between the bishops of Augsburg and the dukes of Bavaria. Konradin had the Vogtei 1266 and 1267 illegitimately to its uncle, whom pawned Bavarian duke. Duke Ludwig II. tried to secure its requirements on the area by the plant of a castle over the monastery. 1292 came it to violent arguments to a comparison, with which the duke did without the castle and the development of further attachments in the region.

1313 pawned emperors Heinrich VII. the Vogtei over the goods of the diocese at bishop Friedrich I. 1322 acquired that high pin the castle mountain on the way of barter and made the Veste the seat of the office for maintaining feet. 1363 were already into the city attachment intergriert the castle. In the years starting from 1486 II. took place from Zollern an extensive around and development of the maintaining lock under bishop Friedrich, which determine the picture of the plant until today. A further change was begun against 1680 under prince bishop Johann Christoph of Freyberg, which concerned however mainly the Innenaustattung.

1798/99 were purpose-alienated the castle as Austrian central military hospital and okkupiert in the year after from the Frenchmen. In the first half 19. Century took place some renovation work, temporarily was intended the high lock even as summer seat of the Bavarian Crown Prince. one furnished the district court, even some dwellings to 1862/63 in the south wing was later inserted.

The north wing accommodates a branch gallery of the Bavarian state painting collections since 1931. Emphasis of the permanent exhibition in six areas is the Swabian painting of the late gothic. Generally speaking for addition sculptures of this time are presented to festival room (knight's hall), among other things shows some works Lederers.Die urban gallery in the first upper floor beside works of the "“residents of Munich school "“19. Century some designs of the count Pocci and Arbeiten of native artists.

The castle lock was reconditioned in the years 1957/58 and 1966/67. Later still the illusion painting was refurbished and some interiors and the chapel were reorganized.

Description

The high lock could essentially retain its lategothical building shape until today. Later changes concerned above all the interiors.

The castle lies on the eastern of the which carries the castle falcon stone at its other end with Pfronten. The weir system was included into the city attachment. "„The high lock "“educates a characteristic ensemble over the old part of town together with - somewhat more deeply - the lying monastery pc. Mang.

The west side separates a powerful, neck ditch struck from the rock from the hinterland. This "„ravine "“ditch mentioned was developed under prince bishop Friedrich II. by Zollern (1486-1505). Behind it "„the high stick "“and the semicircular out-jumping donjon protected the attack side, which is strengthened still by a kennel.

The long stretched, trapezoidal sketch of the core castle adapts to the area. South a kennel was submitted also here, its walls one in 19. Century around half degraded. In the southwest still the short thigh wall of the city attachment is attached to the main castle. Here also the outside gate of the castle plant lies. The gate way pulls itself past on the south side to the gate tower, into which the clock of the broken off Augsburger of gate tower of the Stadtmauer was built. On the left and on the right the Ringmauern with their still partly covered walks along the battlements and a semicircular military tower over the kennel follow.

The core castle opens eastward. The zweigeschossigen are locked by lategothical, Giebeln. Out of the Giebelfront jumps the choir of the castle chapel polygonally out. In the west the powerful donjon (prison tower) is awake over the Veste. The tower is connected by short connecting's buildings with the Over northeasthit a corner lies the stork tower, which was called originally "„high house "“. The apartment tower carries a high saddle roof with Giebelfialen.

The entire castle plant retains still white limewashed external plaster, which serves the gothical illusion painting as carrier to their. When building material served usually the lining up alpine Kalkgestein the environment, in addition, brick bricks and brook rubble became used. Portals and consist usually of calm sandstone.

The illusion painting

The yard facades of the lock wings and the gate tower were decorated around 1499 with unusually rich architecture and illusion painting. The windows are framed by magnificent lash gene with crab and cross flower decoration. From the fronts apparently numerous - larger and smaller - wappenverzierte oriels protrude. As implementing masters the Hechinger painter Fidelis Eichele is assumed. The today's existence is however strongly restored.

The interiors

Despite the numerous around and installations still some remarkable interiors remained preserved.

In the northern connecting wing two "„Frenchman rooms lie "“with lategothical Holzdecken.Der north wing save in the ground floor a lategothical, cross-burr-curved resound over five square columns. "„The knight's hall "“in 2. Upper floor (state gallery) possesses a lategothical, colored seized (painted) carving cover with half reliefs, which are attributed to Lederer.

Numerous smaller rooms retained themselves, are not publicly accessible likewise their bar or stucco ceilings, to tiled stoves, portals or however always.

Literature

• Gisela gold mountain: State State of feet (fast & Steiner, large art leaders, 145). - Munich, 1987
• Michael Pezet: City and district feet. (Bavarian art thinking marks, VIII, short inventory). - Munich, 1960

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